Plebanski



April 9, 192 9. PLEBANSKI nm'zcnvz Amm SYSTEM V Filed Feb- 15} 1934 2 hams-sheet 1 Inventor: Josef Paeba ka April 1929- J. PLEBAN SKI 1,708,400

I DIRECTIvE ANTENNA SYSTEEd 2 Sheets-Shet 2 Fig.5.

1.2 228. I zflara'lus I i nven or; J sef Patented Apr. '9, 19291.

N TED TES Josmi' rnnmskr, or wansa'w, rennin;

DIR

Application flledl els ru ary 15,

Application for this invention hasbee n.

' mis then transmitted to an open oscillatory circuit (aerial), from which it is further I radiated. oscillatory circuits hasbecpine so common that hardly a radio telegraphic station will be found, without these two circuits.

- 'The same methodis also generally used at receiving stations. For receiving-the electromagnetic 'energy netic wave 0 en oscillatory circuits (aerials) are usedyt e conversion of quency energy into other forms of energy, howe,ver, takesplace in r Successful attempts have,

' been madeto for receiving It has long tory circuits tages: I

1. As is well known, "of an aerial depends on (frame aerials).

been known that open dscilla .have the following disadvanthe useful output the ratio of the I radiating power to the'power expended in.

' theaerial in covering various'losses. In the case of an open aerial or in the ground these losses (earthing, counterpoise and the like) are very great. a

2. In converting the "open oscillatory circuita considerable part of the energy is lost.

3.In transmitting a radio signal en- "t0 erally desirable to send out the whole 0 the energy radiated from the transmitting aerial only. inthe direction of. the receiving aerial.

1n the case-of transmitting aerials as used at the present time he energy is radiated almost uniforml in allfdirections.

Ithas been ound that the couplin of closed and open oscillator'ly circuits, w ich has hitherto been regards I, which has he above mentioned disadvantages, can-be replaced by suitablyarranged and interconnected closed oscillatory circuits of-a special'form, which radiate the energy directly.. Although a closed oscillatory 'cirma has a an I smaller radiating power Asr'rnmsia swarm. I

both forwireless .telegraphy are based on the .closed oscillatory circuit depe The coupling of closed and open of an .electro-rnag the liigh .fre-- closed circuits;

however, already I use. closed oscillatory circuits sion secret.

"the useful radiatiog Thecause of this 'was energy from closed to;

I is inversely proportional to as essential and than 1924, Sevtal No. 892,964,111111' in. Russia July 10, 1918'.

an openbscillatory circuit, the

V I same Fem-( ciency of'the aeria can obviously be ob- *tained with it-as with an open'aerial, if thelosses are suflicientlyvre'duced; If a closed oscillatory circuitconstructed "in such a manner that its radiation decrement becomes a proximately, equal to the loss decrement, t e same favourable conditions can be obtained as withan Ale2;angler-son, Meissner or Eckersley aerial. Since tli'eirresistance of a I nds to a far less extent onthc grounduweather and the like conditions, it will be'easier' Lto; obtain 1 small'resistanees'with it, so as to a proximate more closely to the desired e eiency.

of the aerial. A great advantage may, owever, also bembtained, nain'el3 the dimer tional effect. The energy-is radiated mostly in one direction(unilateral) orin two d1- re'c tion's (bilateral F-forward and rearward direction), this results both in a. great saving of energy ai'idalso in eliminating the} possibility of disturbances (in receiving) and it isalso possible to keepthe transmis The transmitters with closed oscillatory. 'circuits as hitherto' proposed were-unsuccessfiilin practice; as their radiating power was only very smal or rather as the losses: were enormously great as compared with in the first place the "bad construction of 'theclosed oscillatory circuits. In order that large quantities of ener may be radiated, the wave le'n'gth must :kept correspondingly .short and the capacity increased, These two conditions, however, counteract the another, since on the one hand the"increase of capacity results'in' the increase of the wave length and; on tlie other hand the shortening of the wave length isobtained substantially by reducing the capacity. According to Flemming the radiation of a closed oscillatory circuit, (magnetic vibrator) I the fourth power of the wave length. .It is thus obvious, that in order to obtain a. short' wave length, some experimenters had to reduce the capac- 'ity of the circuits and thereliydiininished at the same time the energy radiated. If they increased the capacity, the wave length 105. became too 'great and the radiation becamesmallpfl. I

The'fundamental condition for a great the same through the conuuuLuLor in groups selected from the plurality of. ciruui-w.

2. A transmitting and receiving. aerial for wireless lelcgruphy null telephony comprising :i surivs oi ()S lill1ii()l' circuits :idaptu], in be comuectml in parallel ri-lutiun with respect to one anut-liur. a capacity viri-uit, a commutator forulusiiig said rircuiis in the. capacity circuit, and a group emu nector adapted to traversu iliv rou'iu'iuiutur 10 for suluciivcly with the and suiil plurality of circuits uoi'iueciing groups of the circuits L(Jllllllllllll(.ll

-Iu-lustiui uy when-0h I have Sigurd my mum: in this fililkiliilfilliflll at Win-haw, luluiuh lhi 2 4th day 0] January, 11AM.

JUHEF PLEBANSKI. 

